Workshop 113 — Writing Original Chord Progressions: Functional Logic, Voice-Leading Logic, Modal Logic, and How to Avoid “Chord Collection” Syndrome
Workshop 112 focused on texture and register.
Now we return to harmony from a more compositional angle.
You already know how to:
- harmonize melodies
- reharmonize
- use secondary dominants
- use borrowed harmony
- use tritone substitutions
- use pedals
- use altered dominants
- use modal fields
- use upper structures
But there is still a different question:
How do you write an original chord progression that feels like one coherent musical sentence rather than a sequence of theoretically valid chords?
That is today's subject.
The central lesson is:
A strong chord progression is usually governed by one main kind of logic—functional gravity, bass motion, voice leading, modal center, symmetry, or repeated pattern—and the other dimensions support that logic rather than constantly contradicting it.
113.1The “interesting chord” trapYou find:113.2First questionFor every progression ask:113.3Level 1 — purely functional progressionIn C:113.4Why it worksNot because:113.5Level 2 — strengthen directionChange:113.6Level 3 — dominant chainA7 → D7 → G7 → C.113.7Causality is powerfulAsk:113.8Level 4 — function-preserving colorCmaj7 → A7♭9 → Dm9 → G13 → C6/9.113.9The deeper grammar stayed stableThat is why extensions don't destroy coherence.113.10Level 5 — functional progression with borrowed eventC → A7 → Dm → Fm → C.113.11Level 6 — borrowed chord as structural destinationInstead:113.12Functional progressions need not be diatonicFunction concerns:113.13Level 7 — bass-line progressionForget function temporarily.113.14This is a different source of coherenceYou may have:113.15Level 8 — chromatic ascentBass:113.16Level 9 — stepwise diatonic bassC-D-E-F-G.113.17Level 10 — contrary top lineBass:113.18Level 11 — inner-line progressionChoose:113.19Level 12 — longer inner lineChoose:113.20Chords can be consequences of linesThis should now feel natural.113.21Level 13 — common-tone progressionChoose one note:113.22Level 14 — two common tonesHold:113.23Level 15 — pedal progressionBass:113.24Pedal logic weakens root-based functionThat's often the point.113.25Level 16 — modal progressionIn D Dorian:113.26Modal harmony questionAsk:113.27D Dorian characteristic noteB natural.113.28Level 17 — Mixolydian progressionC Mixolydian:113.29Level 18 — Lydian progressionC Lydian:113.30Level 19 — Phrygian progressionE pedal.113.31Modal progression coherence comes from:center characteristic degrees repeated sonority behavior pedal * melody113.32Level 20 — loop-based progressionChoose:113.33A loop creates circular rather than directional harmonyThis matters.113.34Level 21 — alter one loop chordC → G → Am → F.113.35Pattern before deviationAnother universal principle.113.36Level 22 — bass-preserving loop variationOriginal bass:113.37Level 23 — same loop, new chord colorCmaj9113.38Level 24 — same roots, new functions through contextC→G→Am→F can be heard differently if:113.39Level 25 — cycle-of-fifths progressionEm → Am → Dm → G → C.113.40Level 26 — partial circle progressionAm → Dm → G → C → F.113.41Level 27 — reverse fifthsC → G → D → A → E.113.42Level 28 — third-cycle progressionC → Am → F → Dm.113.43Level 29 — chromatic-mediant progressionC → E♭ → A♭ → E.113.44Level 30 — voice-leading checkC major: C E G.113.45Level 31 — another mediantC → E major.113.46Chromatic-mediant ruleIf root relationship is unusual:113.47Level 32 — symmetric progressionC → E → A♭ → C.113.48Level 33 — diminished symmetryUse dim7 as crossroads.113.49Level 34 — augmented symmetryC+:113.50Symmetric harmony is excellent for:instability modulation dream-like sections developmental zones113.51Level 35 — hybrid progressionA section:113.52Hybrid doesn't mean randomEach region has:113.53Level 36 — choose primary grammarFor one piece define:113.54Harmonic constitutionThis is Workshop 103/105 applied specifically to progression language.113.55Example constitutionKey: C major.113.56Level 37 — first progression under constitutionC6/9 → Am7 → Dm9 → G13 → C6/9.113.57Level 38 — add borrowed eventC6/9 → A7 → Dm9 → Fm6 → C6/9.113.58Level 39 — use rare surprise onceDm9 → D♭7 → C6/9.113.59A progression's identity depends partly on what it avoidsIf every possible color appears:113.60Level 40 — tonic vocabularyInstead of one tonic chord, choose family.113.61Level 41 — predominant vocabularyDm7113.62Level 42 — dominant vocabularyG7113.63Level 43 — dominant route bankDirect: G7→C.113.64Original progression writing becomes easier when you think in routesInstead of:113.65Level 44 — same destination, different routeWrite four 4-bar phrases.113.66Level 45 — harmonic rhymePhrase 1: G7→C.113.67Level 46 — repeated progression with one changed routeFirst A: Dm-G-C.113.68Level 47 — do not reharmonize every repetition differentlyToo much route variation destroys:113.69Level 48 — progression as phraseA good progression has:113.70Level 49 — progression contourThink of harmonic tension as:113.71Level 50 — plateau progressionCmaj7 → Fmaj7 → Cmaj7 → Am7.113.72Level 51 — staircase tensionC → E7 → A7 → D7 → G7 → C.113.73Level 52 — sudden tensionCmaj7 → D♭7 → C.113.74Level 53 — delayed tensionStay tonic 4 bars.113.75Progression pacing matters as much as progression contentWorkshop 111.113.76Level 54 — same progression, slowC | | A7 | | Dm | G7 | C.113.77Level 55 — same progression, fastC A7 | Dm G7 | C.113.78Level 56 — chord order permutationTake:113.79Level 57 — starting point changes loop identityC-G-Am-F.113.80Level 58 — ending point determines orientationIf loop stops on:113.81Level 59 — progression without root-position tonicUse:113.82Level 60 — slash-chord progressionBass line first:113.83Level 61 — upper-triad progression over pedalC bass.113.84Level 62 — top-line-first progressionWrite top notes:113.85ExampleTop:113.86Level 63 — soprano line as progression identityMany progressions are memorable because of:113.87Level 64 — descending top lineTop:113.88Level 65 — fixed top noteTop: G.113.89Level 66 — two-line progressionWrite:113.90Level 67 — four-part progressionNow add two middle lines.113.91Level 68 — progression with one chromatic voice onlyAll other voices diatonic/common.113.92Level 69 — progression with two chromatic voicesMore intense.113.93Level 70 — progression by minimal voice motionConstraint:113.94Level 71 — progression by maximum contrastOpposite exercise.113.95Level 72 — common-tone percentageCompare chords:113.96Harmonic distance is not only root distanceIt includes:113.97Level 73 — close progressionCmaj7 → Em7 → Am7 → Fmaj7.113.98Level 74 — far progressionCmaj7 → A♭maj7 → Emaj7 → Cmaj7.113.99Level 75 — far roots, close voicesFind inversions so each voice moves minimally.113.100Level 76 — close roots, dramatic voicesEven C→F can sound dramatic if:113.101Level 77 — progression with harmonic surprise budgetAllow:113.102Level 78 — no surprise budgetWrite fully diatonic piece.113.103Level 79 — one borrowed chord onlyIn C:113.104Level 80 — one secondary dominant onlyChoose what deserves tonicization.113.105Level 81 — one tritone sub onlyReserve:113.106Level 82 — one polychord onlyIf piece is otherwise conventional:113.107Level 83 — progression repetitionA progression itself may need repetition before variation.113.108Level 84 — chord substitution after expectationThird loop:113.109Level 85 — progression fragmentationTake:113.110Level 86 — progression augmentationOriginal loop: one bar each.113.111Level 87 — progression diminutionOne bar each becomes:113.112Level 88 — progression transpositionC-Am-Dm-G.113.113Level 89 — functional transposition rather than literal shapePreserve:113.114Level 90 — progression inversion through bassKeep chord functions.113.115Level 91 — progression mode transformationC-Am-Dm-G.113.116Level 92 — progression reharmonized by modalizationFunctional C phrase.113.117Level 93 — progression reharmonized by functionOriginal:113.118Level 94 — progression as formal markerUse one progression only at:113.119Level 95 — progression as character cueMaybe every “reflective” state uses:113.120Level 96 — progression as memoryA foreign sequence appears in B.113.121Level 97 — progression foreshadowingFinal modulation will use:113.122Level 98 — progression delayed meaningEarly chord seems:113.123Level 99 — progression by eliminationWrite 8 chords.113.124Level 100 — progression by substitution auditFor each chord ask:113.125Level 101 — “too many dominants” auditSecondary dominants are powerful.113.126Level 102 — “too many borrowed chords” auditIf every bar uses mixture:113.127Level 103 — “too many tritone subs” auditA tritone sub is not automatically more sophisticated than V7.113.128Level 104 — “too many extensions” auditExtensions are colors.113.129Level 105 — “too many chord changes” auditMaybe the progression problem is really:113.130Level 106 — “too few anchors” auditIf progression sounds directionless:113.131Level 107 — progression with tonic withheldWrite 8 bars in C-oriented world.113.132Level 108 — progression with dominant withheldAvoid G7.113.133Level 109 — progression with third withheldUse open C5/sus world.113.134Level 110 — progression with root withheldUse rootless upper voicings.113.135Level 111 — deceptive progressionEstablish:113.136Level 112 — fake modulationUse:113.137Level 113 — successful later modulationLater:113.138Level 114 — progression with unresolved dominant debtEnd section:113.139Level 115 — progression as generative systemInstead of fixed sequence, define rules:113.140This connects directly to Workshop 101Your harmonic language becomes:113.141Example harmonic graph in CHOME: Cmaj7 / Am7.113.142Level 116 — progression improvisation from graphDo not decide exact chords.113.143Level 117 — route constraints by stateESTABLISH: plain routes.113.144Level 118 — uncertainty ruleIf you lose harmonic plan:113.145Practice Loop A — one progression, five logicsWrite a 4–8 bar progression using each approach:113.146Practice Loop B — route bankIn C, create five ways to reach tonic.113.147Practice Loop C — melody-first progressionWrite 8-bar melody.113.148Practice Loop D — bass/top firstWrite:113.149Practice Loop E — one chromatic resource onlyWrite 16 bars.113.150Practice Loop F — no chromaticismWrite a progression entirely diatonic.113.151Practice Loop G — same progression, different grammarTake:113.152Improvisation Challenge 1 — no chord without a reasonBefore every change, identify mentally:113.153Challenge 2 — every chromatic chord resolves by semitone somewhereTrack:113.154Challenge 3 — progression with only three rootsUse:113.155Challenge 4 — progression with one bass noteC pedal.113.156Challenge 5 — progression without VWrite strong 8-bar tonal progression ending C without G7.113.157Challenge 6 — progression with no tonic until endMake C feel like home without playing C chord until final bar.113.158Ear Drill — functional versus linear coherencePlay:113.159Ear Drill — common-tone progressionHold G.113.160Ear Drill — modal centerPlay Dm7-G alternating.113.161Ear Drill — symmetric instabilityPlay:113.162Ear Drill — same destination, different routesCompare:113.163Ear Drill — progression without rootsPlay shells/upper voices.113.164Mini-project 1 — Four Progressions for One MelodyTake an original 8-bar melody.113.165Mini-project 2 — Harmonic Constitution PieceBefore composing write:113.166Mini-project 3 — Progression from Two LinesWrite:113.167Mini-project 4 — Color Becomes RegionUse one foreign chord:113.168Mini-project 5 — Route NetworkFor one key build a handwritten map:113.169Mini-project 6 — Simplification PassTake your richest progression.113.170Apply to “Happy Birthday”Because it is public domain, write several harmonic worlds for the same melody:113.171Conceptual “Mack the Knife”Repeated melody benefits from changing:113.172Conceptual “The Bare Necessities”Its groove and melody are strong enough that harmony should often remain:113.173The deeper melodic lessonA chord progression exists partly to make:113.174The deeper bass lessonMany original progressions become distinctive because of:113.175The deeper counterpoint lessonProgressions are frozen snapshots of:113.176The deeper modal lessonNot all harmony needs:113.177The deeper rhythmic lessonThe same chord sequence can have completely different identity depending on:113.178The deeper formal lessonA harmonic progression can function as:113.179The deeper arranging lessonYou do not need to change chord progression to create a new arrangement.113.180The deeper improvisational lessonReal-time harmony becomes easier when you think:113.181The progression auditFor every progression answer:113.182The chord-removal testDelete one chord.113.183The bass-only testPlay only bass.113.184The top-line testPlay highest voice only.113.185The function-only testReduce to:113.186The no-extension testStrip:113.187The surprise testWhich chord would listener least expect?113.188The identity testCould you play progression in another:113.189The mature progression questionNot:•Workshop 113 mini-test1. What is “chord collection syndrome”?